BS Biotechnology
Semester-I
| Sr.# | Course Code | Title of the Course | Cr. Hrs | Practical | Total Credit Hours |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ENGL-1118 | Functional English | 3 | 0 | 3 |
| 2 | PAKS-1113 | Pakistan Studies | 2 | 0 | 2 |
| 3 | MATH-1111 | Mathematics (Algebra) | 3 | 0 | 3 |
| 4 | HLTH-1113 | Basic Health Awareness | 2 | 0 | 2 |
| 5 | CHEM-1162 | Organic Chemistry | 3 | 0 | 3 |
| 6 | CHEM-1262 | Organic Chemistry | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| 7 | BOCH-1102 | Cell Biology | 2 | 0 | 2 |
| 8 | BOCH-1202 | Cell Biology lab | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| Total | 15 | 2 | 17 | ||
Semester-II
| Sr.# | Course Code | Title of the Course | Cr. Hrs | Practical | Total Credit Hours |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ENGL-1119 | Communication Skills | 3 | 0 | 3 |
| 2 | ISLS-1112 | Islamic studies | 2 | 0 | 2 |
| 3 | MATH-1112 | Mathematics (Calculus) | 3 | 0 | 3 |
| 4 | CHEM-1151 | Inorganic Chemistry | 3 | 0 | 3 |
| 5 | CHEM-1251 | Inorganic Chemistry | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| 6 | BTNY-1107 | Botany | 3 | 0 | 3 |
| 7 | COSC-1105 | Introduction to ICT | 2 | 0 | 2 |
| 8 | COSC-1205 | Introduction to ICT | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| Total | 16 | 2 | 18 | ||
Semester-III
| Sr.# | Course Code | Title of the Course | Cr. Hrs | Practical | Total Credit Hours |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ENGL-2111 | Technical Writing and Presentation Skills | 3 | 0 | 3 |
| 2 | CHEM-2114 | Analytical chemistry & Instrumentation | 2 | 0 | 2 |
| 3 | CHEM-2214 | Analytical chemistry & Instrumentation lab | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| 4 | ZOOL-1171 | Zoology | 3 | 0 | 3 |
| 5 | BOCH-3107 | Metabolism | 4 | 0 | 4 |
| 6 | BIOT-2101 | Introduction to Biotechnology | 3 | 0 | 3 |
| Total | 15 | 1 | 16 | ||
Semester-IV
| Sr.# | Course Code | Title of the Course | Cr. Hrs | Practical | Total Credit Hours |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | CHEM-2171 | Physical Chemistry | 3 | 0 | 3 |
| 2 | STAT-1132 | Probability & Biostatistics | 3 | 0 | 3 |
| 3 | SSCI-3120 | Constitution & Legal System of Pakistan | 2 | 0 | 2 |
| 4 | BIOL-2102 | Genetics | 3 | 0 | 3 |
| 5 | BIOL-2103 | Microbiology | 2 | 0 | 2 |
| 6 | BIOL-2203 | Microbiology | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| 7 | BIOT-2102 | Food Biotechnology | 3 | 0 | 3 |
| Total | 16 | 1 | 17 | ||
Semester-V
| Sr.# | Course Code | Title of the Course | Cr. Hrs | Practical | Total Credit Hours |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | BIOT-3101 | Principles of Biochemical Engineering | 2 | 0 | 2 |
| 2 | BIOT-3201 | Principles of Biochemical Engineering | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| 3 | BIOT-3102 | Agricultural Biotechnology | 2 | 0 | 2 |
| 4 | BIOT-3202 | Agricultural Biotechnology | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| 5 | BIOL-2154 | Molecular Biology | 3 | 0 | 3 |
| 6 | BOCH-2106 | Immunology | 3 | 0 | 3 |
| 7 | BIOT-3103 | Microbial Biotechnology | 3 | 0 | 3 |
| 8 | BIOT-3104 | Seminar-I | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Total | 14 | 3 | 16 | ||
Semester-VI
| Sr.# | Course Code | Title of the Course | Cr. Hrs | Practical | Total Credit Hours |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | MSCI-4101 | Marketing Management | 3 | 0 | 3 |
| 2 | ECON-2118 | Applied Economics | 3 | 0 | 3 |
| 3 | BIOT-3105 | Genetic Resources & Conservation | 3 | 0 | 3 |
| 4 | BOCH-3114 | Techniques in Molecular Biology | 2 | 0 | 2 |
| 5 | BOCH-3214 | Techniques in Molecular Biology | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| 6 | BIOT-3106 | Internship | 3 | 0 | 3 |
| 7 | BIOI-2101 | Introduction to Bioinformatics | 2 | 0 | 2 |
| 8 | BIOI-2201 | Introduction to Bioinformatics | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| Total | 16 | 2 | 18 | ||
Semester-VII
| Sr.# | Course Code | Title of the Course | Cr. Hrs | Practical | Total Credit Hours |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | BIOT-4101 | Genomics & Proteomics | 3 | 0 | 3 |
| 2 | BIOT-4102 | Research Projects and Scientific Writing | 3 | 0 | 3 |
| 3 | BIOT-4103 | Health Biotechnology | 3 | 0 | 3 |
| 4 | BIOT- | Elective-I | 3 | 0 | 3 |
| 5 | BIOT-4104 | Environmental Biotechnology | 3 | 0 | 3 |
| Total | 15 | 0 | 15 | ||
Semester-VIII
| Sr.# | Course Code | Title of the Course | Cr. Hrs | Practical | Total Credit Hours |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | BIOT-4101 | Genomics & Proteomics | 3 | 0 | 3 |
| 2 | BIOT-4102 | Research Projects and Scientific Writing | 3 | 0 | 3 |
| 3 | BIOT-4103 | Health Biotechnology | 3 | 0 | 3 |
| 4 | BIOT- | Elective-I | 3 | 0 | 3 |
| 5 | BIOT-4104 | Environmental Biotechnology | 3 | 0 | 3 |
| Total | 15 | 0 | 15 | ||
| Grand Total | 122 | 10 | 32 | ||
List of General Education Courses
| Sr. No | Course Code | Course Title | Credit Hours |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | HUSS-1108 | Arts and Humanities | 2 |
| 2 | PHYS-1135 | Natural Science | 3 |
| 3 | SSCI-1115 | Social Science | 2 |
| 4 | ENGL-1118 | Functional English | 3 |
| 5 | ENGL-2114 | Expository Writing | 3 |
| 6 | MATH-1106 | Quantitative Reasoning-I | 3 |
| 7 | MATH-1107 | Quantitative Reasoning-II | 3 |
| 8 | PAKS-1113 | Pakistan Studies | 2 |
| 9 | ISLS-1128 | Islamic Studies/Ethics | 2 |
| 10 | PAKS-1121 | Ideology and Constitution of Pakistan | 2 |
| 11 | COSC-1105 | Introduction to ICT | 2 |
| 12 | COSC-1205 | Introduction to ICT-Lab | 1 |
| 13 | MSCI-2113 | Introduction to Entrepreneurship | 2 |
| 14 | SSCI-2131 | Civics and Community Engagement | 2 |
| 15 | QURN-1223 | Understanding of Holy Quran-I | 1 |
| 16 | QURN-1224 | Understanding of Holy Quran-II | 1 |
| 17 | ISLS-1140 | Seerat of the Holy Prophet Muhammad (SAW) | 0 |
| Total | 34 | ||
BS Forensic Science
BS Forensic Science: Scheme of Studies (Fall 2026 onwards)
Semester-wise Scheme of Studies
Semester 1
| Sr. No | Course Code | Course Title | Theory | Lab | Domain |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | HUSS-1108 | Arts and Humanities | 2 | 0 | General Education |
| 2 | PAKS-1121 | Ideology and Constitution of Pakistan | 2 | 0 | General Education |
| 3 | SSCI-1115 | Social Sciences | 2 | 0 | General Education |
| 4 | SSCI-2131 | Civics and Community Engagement | 2 | 0 | General Education |
| 5 | BIOL-1151 | Basic Biology | 2 | 0 | Interdisciplinary |
| 6 | BIOL-1251 | Basic Biology-Lab | 0 | 1 | Interdisciplinary |
| 7 | FOSC-1101 | Fundamentals of Forensic Science | 3 | 0 | Major |
| 8 | BOCH-1106 | Introductory Biochemistry | 2 | 0 | Major |
| 9 | BOCH-1206 | Introductory Biochemistry-Lab | 0 | 1 | Major |
| Total | 17 | ||||
Semester 2
| Sr. No | Course Code | Course Title | Theory | Lab | Domain |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ENGL-2114 | Expository Writing | 3 | 0 | General Education |
| 2 | ENGL-1118 | Functional English | 3 | 0 | General Education |
| 3 | MATH-1106 | Quantitative Reasoning-I | 3 | 0 | General Education |
| 4 | COSC-1105 | Introduction to ICT | 2 | 0 | General Education |
| 5 | COSC-1205 | Introduction to ICT-Lab | 0 | 1 | General Education |
| 6 | CHEM-2113 | Analytical Chemistry | 2 | 0 | Interdisciplinary |
| 7 | CHEM-2213 | Analytical Chemistry-Lab | 0 | 1 | Interdisciplinary |
| 8 | FOSC-2101 | Crime Scene Investigation | 2 | 0 | Major |
| 9 | FOSC-2201 | Crime Scene Investigation-Lab | 0 | 1 | Major |
| Total | 18 | ||||
Semester 3
| Sr. No | Course Code | Course Title | Theory | Lab | Domain |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | MATH-1107 | Quantitative Reasoning-II | 3 | 0 | General Education |
| 2 | QURN-1223 | Understanding of Quran-I | 0 | 1 | General Education |
| 3 | PHYS-1135 | Natural Sciences | 3 | 0 | General Education |
| 4 | MSCI-2113 | Introduction to Entrepreneurship | 2 | 0 | General Education |
| 5 | FOSC-2106 | Crime Myths and Realities | 3 | 0 | Major |
| 6 | BIOL-2102 | Genetics | 3 | 0 | Major |
| 7 | FOSC-2102 | Analytical Techniques in Forensic Science | 2 | 0 | Major |
| 8 | FOSC-2202 | Analytical Techniques in Forensic Science-Lab | 0 | 1 | Major |
| Total | 18 | ||||
Semester 4
| Sr. No | Course Code | Course Title | Theory | Lab | Domain |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | PAKS-1113 | Pakistan Studies | 2 | 0 | General Education |
| 2 | ISLS-1128/ETHI-1114 | Islamic Studies/Ethics (for non-Muslims) | 2 | 0 | General Education |
| 3 | ISLS-1140 | Seerat of the Holy Prophet Muhammad (SAW) | 0 | 0 | General Education |
| 4 | QURN-1224 | Understanding of Quran-II | 0 | 1 | General Education |
| 5 | AINT-2107 | Introduction to Artificial Intelligence | 2 | 0 | Interdisciplinary |
| 6 | AINT-2207 | Introduction to Artificial Intelligence-Lab | 0 | 1 | Interdisciplinary |
| 7 | BIOT-2153 | Introduction to Molecular Biology | 3 | 0 | Major |
| 8 | FOSC-2105 | Forensic Genetics | 3 | 0 | Major |
| 9 | FOSC-2103 | Trace Evidence | 2 | 0 | Major |
| 10 | FOSC-2203 | Trace Evidence-Lab | 0 | 1 | Major |
| Total | 17 | ||||
Semester 5
| Sr. No | Course Code | Course Title | Theory | Lab | Domain |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | FOSC-2107 | Fundamentals of DNA Typing | 2 | 0 | Major |
| 2 | FOSC-2207 | Fundamentals of DNA Typing-Lab | 0 | 1 | Major |
| 3 | BIOI-2108 | Biostatistics | 3 | 0 | Interdisciplinary |
| 4 | FOSC-3101 | Forensic Chemistry | 2 | 0 | Major |
| 5 | FOSC-3201 | Forensic Chemistry-Lab | 0 | 1 | Major |
| 6 | FOSC-3102 | Forensic Serology and DNA | 2 | 0 | Major |
| 7 | FOSC-3202 | Forensic Serology and DNA-Lab | 0 | 1 | Major |
| 8 | FOSC-3108 | Introduction to Criminology | 3 | 0 | Major |
| 9 | FOSC-4116 | Forensic Nanotechnology | 3 | 0 | Major |
| Total | 18 | ||||
Semester 6
| Sr. No | Course Code | Course Title | Theory | Lab | Domain |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | FOSC-4110 | Death Investigation | 3 | 0 | Major |
| 2 | FOSC-3103 | Forensic Toxicology | 2 | 0 | Major |
| 3 | FOSC-3203 | Forensic Toxicology-Lab | 0 | 1 | Major |
| 4 | BIOI-2101 | Introduction to Bioinformatics | 2 | 0 | Major |
| 5 | BIOI-2201 | Introduction to Bioinformatics-Lab | 0 | 1 | Major |
| 6 | FOSC-4113 | Forensic Anthropology | 3 | 0 | Major |
| 7 | FOSC-3109 | Forensic Ballistics and Tool Marks Analysis | 2 | 0 | Major |
| 8 | FOSC-3111 | Food Forensics | 2 | 0 | Major |
| 9 | BIOL-2101 | Biosafety & Ethics | 2 | 0 | Major |
| Total | 18 | ||||
Semester 7
| Sr. No | Course Code | Course Title | Theory | Lab | Domain |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | BIOL-4117 | Research Projects and Scientific Writing | 3 | 0 | Interdisciplinary |
| 2 | FOSC-4102 | Finger Prints Analysis | 2 | 0 | Major |
| 3 | FOSC-4202 | Finger Prints Analysis-Lab | 0 | 1 | Major |
| 4 | FOSC-3107 | Forensic Psychology | 3 | 0 | Major |
| 5 | FOSC-4104 | Current Trends in Forensic Science | 3 | 0 | Major |
| 6 | FOSC-3411 | Internship | 3 | 0 | Major |
| 7 | FOSC-4115 | Forensic Entomology | 3 | 0 | Major |
| Total | 18 | ||||
Semester 8
| Sr. No | Course Code | Course Title | Theory | Lab | Domain |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | FOSC-4112 | Forensic Pathology | 3 | 0 | Major |
| 2 | FOSC-3110 | Digital Forensics in Cybersecurity | 3 | 0 | Major |
| 3 | FOSC-4109 | Forensic Analysis and Interpretation | 3 | 0 | Major |
| 4 | FOSC-4111 | Qanun-e-Shahadat Ordinance 1984 | 3 | 0 | Major |
| 5 | FOSC-3311 | Capstone Project | 3 | 0 | Major |
| Total | 15 | ||||
Total Credit Hours: 139
List of General Education Courses
| Sr. No | Course Code | Course Title | Credit Hours |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | HUSS-1108 | Arts and Humanities | 2 |
| 2 | PHYS-1135 | Natural Sciences | 3 |
| 3 | SSCI-1115 | Social Sciences | 2 |
| 4 | ENGL-1118 | Functional English | 3 |
| 5 | ENGL-2114 | Expository Writing | 3 |
| 6 | MATH-1106 | Quantitative Reasoning-I | 3 |
| 7 | MATH-1107 | Quantitative Reasoning-II | 3 |
| 8 | ISLS-1128/ETHI-1114 | Islamic Studies/Ethics (for non-Muslims) | 2 |
| 9 | PAKS-1121 | Ideology and Constitution of Pakistan | 2 |
| 10 | COSC-1105 | Introduction to ICT | 2 |
| 11 | COSC-1205 | Introduction to ICT-Lab | 1 |
| 12 | MSCI-2113 | Introduction to Entrepreneurship | 2 |
| 13 | SSCI-2131 | Civics and Community Engagement | 2 |
| 14 | PAKS-1113 | Pakistan Studies | 2 |
| 15 | QURN-1123 | Understanding of Quran-I | 1 |
| 16 | QURN-1124 | Understanding of Quran-II | 1 |
| 17 | ISLS-1140 | Seerat of the Holy Prophet Muhammad (SAW) | 0 |
| Total | 34 | ||
List of Interdisciplinary Courses
| Sr. No | Course Code | Course Title | Credit Hours |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | CHEM-2113 | Analytical Chemistry | 2 |
| 2 | CHEM-2213 | Analytical Chemistry-Lab | 1 |
| 3 | BIOI-2108 | Biostatistics | 3 |
| 4 | BIOL-1151 | Basic Biology | 2 |
| 5 | BIOL-1251 | Basic Biology-Lab | 1 |
| 6 | AINT-2107 | Introduction to Artificial Intelligence | 2 |
| 7 | AINT-2207 | Introduction to Artificial Intelligence-Lab | 1 |
| 8 | BIOI-2101 | Introduction to Bioinformatics | 2 |
| 9 | BIOI-2201 | Introduction to Bioinformatics-Lab | 1 |
| Total | 15 | ||
Internship and Project
| Sr. No | Course Code | Course Title | Credit Hours |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | FOSC-3411 | Internship | 3 |
| 2 | FOSC-3311 | Capstone Project | 3 |
| Total | 6 | ||
List of Major Courses
| Sr. No | Course Code | Course Title | Credit Hours |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | FOSC-1101 | Fundamentals of Forensic Science | 3 |
| 2 | FOSC-2101 | Crime Scene Investigation | 2 |
| 3 | FOSC-2201 | Crime Scene Investigation-Lab | 1 |
| 4 | FOSC-2102 | Analytical Techniques in Forensic Science | 2 |
| 5 | FOSC-2202 | Analytical Techniques in Forensic Science-Lab | 1 |
| 6 | BOCH-1106 | Introductory Biochemistry | 2 |
| 7 | BOCH-1206 | Introductory Biochemistry-Lab | 1 |
| 8 | FOSC-2105 | Forensic Genetics | 3 |
| 9 | FOSC-2103 | Trace Evidence | 2 |
| 10 | FOSC-2203 | Trace Evidence-Lab | 1 |
| 11 | BIOL-2101 | Biosafety & Ethics | 2 |
| 12 | FOSC-3101 | Forensic Chemistry | 2 |
| 13 | FOSC-3201 | Forensic Chemistry-Lab | 1 |
| 14 | BIOT-2153 | Introduction to Molecular Biology | 3 |
| 15 | FOSC-3102 | Forensic Serology and DNA | 2 |
| 16 | FOSC-3202 | Forensic Serology and DNA-Lab | 1 |
| 17 | FOSC-3103 | Forensic Toxicology | 2 |
| 18 | FOSC-3203 | Forensic Toxicology-Lab | 1 |
| 19 | FOSC-4113 | Forensic Anthropology | 3 |
| 20 | BIOL-4117 | Research Projects and Scientific Writing | 3 |
| 21 | FOSC-4102 | Finger Prints Analysis | 2 |
| 22 | FOSC-4202 | Finger Prints Analysis-Lab | 1 |
| 23 | FOSC-3110 | Digital Forensics in Cybersecurity | 3 |
| 24 | FOSC-3107 | Forensic Psychology | 3 |
| 25 | FOSC-4104 | Current Trends in Forensic Science | 3 |
| 26 | FOSC-4112 | Forensic Pathology | 3 |
| 27 | FOSC-4116 | Forensic Nanotechnology | 3 |
| 28 | FOSC-4110 | Death Investigation | 3 |
| 29 | FOSC-4109 | Forensic Analysis and Interpretation | 3 |
| 30 | FOSC-4111 | Qanun-e-Shahadat Ordinance 1984 | 3 |
| 31 | FOSC-3109 | Forensic Ballistics and Tool Marks Analysis | 2 |
| 32 | FOSC-4115 | Forensic Entomology | 3 |
| 33 | FOSC-3108 | Introduction to Criminology | 3 |
| 34 | FOSC-2107 | Fundamentals of DNA Typing | 2 |
| 35 | FOSC-2207 | Fundamentals of DNA Typing-Lab | 1 |
| 36 | FOSC-2106 | Crime Myths and Realities | 3 |
| 37 | BIOL-2102 | Genetics | 3 |
| 38 | FOSC-3111 | Food Forensics | 2 |
| Total | 84 | ||
BS Bioinformatics
BS Bioinformatics: Scheme of Studies (Fall 2026 onwards)
First Semester
| Sr. No | Course Code | Course Title | Theory | Lab | Domain |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | BIOL-1151 | Basic Biology | 2 | 0 | Major |
| 2 | BIOI-2101 | Introduction to Bioinformatics | 2 | 0 | Major |
| 3 | COSC-1105 | Introduction to ICT | 2 | 0 | General Education |
| 4 | QURN-1223 | Understanding of Holy Quran-I/Religious Education | 1 | 0 | General Education |
| 5 | MATH-1106 | Quantitative Reasoning-I | 3 | 0 | General Education |
| 6 | ENGL-1118 | Functional English | 3 | 0 | General Education |
| 7 | PAKS-1113 | Pakistan Studies | 2 | 0 | General Education |
| 8 | BIOL-1251 | Basic Biology-Lab | 0 | 1 | Major |
| 9 | BIOI-2201 | Introduction to Bioinformatics-Lab | 0 | 1 | Major |
| 10 | COSC-1205 | Introduction to ICT-Lab | 0 | 1 | General Education |
| Total | 18 | ||||
Second Semester
| Sr. No | Course Code | Course Title | Theory | Lab | Domain |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | BIOI-1103 | Programming Fundamentals for Bioinformatics | 2 | 0 | Major |
| 2 | BOCH-1102 | Cell Biology | 2 | 0 | Major |
| 3 | BOCH-1106 | Introductory Biochemistry | 2 | 0 | Major |
| 4 | QURN-1224 | Understanding of Holy Quran-II/Religious Education-II | 1 | 0 | General Education |
| 5 | MATH-1107 | Quantitative Reasoning-II | 3 | 0 | General Education |
| 6 | SSCI-2131 | Civics & Community Engagement | 2 | 0 | General Education |
| 7 | ENGL-2114 | Expository Writing | 3 | 0 | General Education |
| 8 | BIOI-1203 | Programming Fundamentals for Bioinformatics-Lab | 0 | 1 | Major |
| 9 | BOCH-1206 | Introductory Biochemistry-Lab | 0 | 1 | Major |
| 10 | BOCH-1202 | Cell Biology-Lab | 0 | 1 | Major |
| Total | 18 | ||||
Third Semester
| Sr. No | Course Code | Course Title | Theory | Lab | Domain |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | BIOL-2102 | Genetics | 3 | 0 | Major |
| 2 | COSC-2101 | Data Structures & Algorithms | 3 | 0 | Major |
| 3 | COSC-1102 | Object Oriented Programming | 2 | 0 | Major |
| 4 | HUSS-1108 | Arts & Humanities | 2 | 0 | General Education |
| 5 | SSCI-1115 | Social Sciences | 2 | 0 | General Education |
| 6 | ISLS-1128 | Islamic Studies/Ethics | 2 | 0 | General Education |
| 7 | PAKS-1121 | Ideology & Constitution of Pakistan | 2 | 0 | General Education |
| 8 | COSC-2201 | Data Structures & Algorithms-Lab | 0 | 1 | Major |
| 9 | COSC-1202 | Object Oriented Programming-Lab | 0 | 1 | Major |
| Total | 18 | ||||
Fourth Semester
| Sr. No | Course Code | Course Title | Theory | Lab | Domain |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | BIOT-2153 | Introduction to Molecular Biology | 3 | 0 | Major |
| 2 | COSC-2103 | Database Systems | 3 | 0 | Major |
| 3 | BIOT-2101 | Introduction to Biotechnology | 3 | 0 | Interdisciplinary |
| 4 | PHYS-1135 | Natural Sciences | 3 | 0 | General Education |
| 5 | MSCI-2113 | Introduction to Entrepreneurship | 2 | 0 | General Education |
| 6 | COSC-2203 | Database Systems-Lab | 0 | 1 | Major |
| 7 | AINT-2107 | Introduction to Artificial Intelligence (AI) | 2 | 0 | Interdisciplinary |
| 8 | AINT-2207 | Introduction to Artificial Intelligence (AI)-Lab | 0 | 1 | Interdisciplinary |
| Total | 18 | ||||
Fifth Semester
| Sr. No | Course Code | Course Title | Theory | Lab | Domain |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | BIOI-3109 | Epigenomics | 2 | 0 | Major |
| 2 | BIOI-3105 | Proteomics | 3 | 0 | Major |
| 3 | BIOI-3111 | Introductory Data Science | 2 | 0 | Major |
| 4 | BIOI-3112 | Bioinformatics Software Engineering | 3 | 0 | Major |
| 5 | BIOI-2108 | Interdisciplinary-II: Biostatistics | 3 | 0 | Interdisciplinary |
| 6 | BIOI-4102 | Elective-I: Functional and Structural Bioinformatics | 3 | 0 | Major |
| 7 | BIOI-3209 | Epigenomics-Lab | 0 | 1 | Major |
| 8 | BIOI-3211 | Introductory Data Science-Lab | 0 | 1 | Major |
| Total | 18 | ||||
Sixth Semester
| Sr. No | Course Code | Course Title | Theory | Lab | Domain |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | BIOI-3115 | High-Throughput Sequence Data Analysis | 2 | 0 | Major |
| 2 | BIOI-3116 | Microbiome & Metagenomics | 2 | 0 | Major |
| 3 | BIOI-3117 | Computer-Aided Drug Design | 2 | 0 | Major |
| 4 | BIOI-3118 | Elective-II: Cancer Bioinformatics | 3 | 0 | Major |
| 5 | BIOI-3119 | Interdisciplinary-III: Computational Immunology | 3 | 0 | Interdisciplinary |
| 6 | BIOI-3120 | Interdisciplinary-IV: Molecular Dynamics & Simulation | 3 | 0 | Interdisciplinary |
| 7 | BIOI-3215 | High-Throughput Sequence Data Analysis-Lab | 0 | 1 | Major |
| 8 | BIOI-3216 | Microbiome & Metagenomics-Lab | 0 | 1 | Major |
| 9 | BIOI-3217 | Computer-Aided Drug Design-Lab | 0 | 1 | Major |
| Total | 18 | ||||
Seventh Semester
| Sr. No | Course Code | Course Title | Theory | Lab | Domain |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | BIOI-4108 | Machine Learning in Bioinformatics | 2 | 0 | Major |
| 2 | BIOL-4117 | Research Project and Scientific Writing | 3 | 0 | Major |
| 3 | BIOI-3411 | Elective-V: Internship | 3 | 0 | Major |
| 4 | BIOI-3103 | Elective-III: Genomics | 3 | 0 | Major |
| 5 | BIOI-4112 | Elective-IV: R Programming for Bioinformatics | 3 | 0 | Major |
| 6 | BIOI-4103 | Ethical and Legal Issues in Bioinformatics | 2 | 0 | Major |
| 7 | BIOI-4208 | Machine Learning in Bioinformatics-Lab | 0 | 1 | Major |
| Total | 17 | ||||
Eighth Semester
| Sr. No | Course Code | Course Title | Theory | Lab | Domain |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | BIOI-4109 | Clinical Bioinformatics | 2 | 0 | Major |
| 2 | BIOI-4209 | Clinical Bioinformatics-Lab | 0 | 1 | Major |
| 3 | BIOI-4111 | Elective-VI: Phylogenetics | 3 | 0 | Major |
| 4 | BIOI-4113 | Elective-VII: Big Data in Bioinformatics | 3 | 0 | Major |
| 5 | BIOI-3311 | Capstone Project | 3 | 0 | Capstone |
| 6 | BIOI-4122 | Climate & Agricultural Bioinformatics | 3 | 0 | Major |
| Total | 15 | ||||
Total Credit Hours: 140
List of General Education Courses
| Sr. No | Course Code | Course Title | Credit Hours |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ENGL-1118 | Functional English | 3 |
| 2 | MATH-1106 | Quantitative Reasoning-I | 3 |
| 3 | QURN-1223/ETHI-1223 | Understanding of Quran-I/Ethics-I (for non-Muslims) | 1 |
| 4 | QURN-1224/ETHI-1224 | Understanding of Quran-II/Ethics-II (for non-Muslims) | 1 |
| 5 | COSC-1105 | Introduction to ICT | 2 |
| 6 | COSC-1205 | Introduction to ICT-Lab | 1 |
| 7 | PHYS-1135 | Natural Sciences | 3 |
| 8 | ENGL-2114 | Expository Writing | 3 |
| 9 | SSCI-1135 | Social Sciences | 2 |
| 10 | MATH-1107 | Quantitative Reasoning-II | 3 |
| 11 | PAKS-1113 | Pakistan Studies | 2 |
| 12 | ISLS-1128/ETHI-1114 | Islamic Studies/Ethics (for non-Muslims) | 2 |
| 13 | MSCI-2113 | Introduction to Entrepreneurship | 2 |
| 14 | PAKS-1121 | Ideology and Constitution of Pakistan | 2 |
| 15 | SSCI-2131 | Civics and Community Engagement | 2 |
| 16 | HUSS-1108 | Arts & Humanities | 2 |
| 17 | ISLS-1140 | Seerat of the Holy Prophet Muhammad (SAW) | 0 |
| Total | 34 | ||
List of Interdisciplinary Courses
| Sr. No | Course Code | Course Title | Credit Hours |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | CHEM-1112 | Fundamentals of Chemistry | 2 |
| 2 | BIOT-2101 | Introduction to Biotechnology | 3 |
| 3 | CPEN-2110 | Discrete Structures | 3 |
| 4 | MATH-2122 | Differential Equations | 3 |
| 5 | MATH-2103 | Calculus II/Linear Algebra | 3 |
| 6 | BIOI-2108 | Biostatistics | 3 |
| 7 | BIOT-4109 | Nano Biotechnology | 3 |
| 8 | MATH-2124 | Numerical Analysis | 3 |
| 9 | BIOI-4114 | Biophysics | 3 |
| 10 | DASC-3104 | Theory of Automata | 3 |
| 11 | CHEM-1163 | Organic Chemistry | 3 |
| 12 | MATH-2103 | Linear Algebra | 3 |
| 13 | CHEM-2272 | Physical Chemistry | 3 |
| 14 | BIOI-4115 | Analytical Chemistry & Instrumentation | 3 |
| 15 | BIOT-3101 | Principles of Biochemical Engineering | 3 |
| 16 | BIOT-3105 | Genetic Resources & Conservation | 3 |
| 17 | BIOI-3120 | Molecular Dynamics & Simulation | 3 |
| 18 | BIOI-4115 | Molecular Medicine | 3 |
| 19 | BIOI-4116 | Computational Medicinal Chemistry | 3 |
| 20 | CHEM-1112 | Fundamentals of Chemistry-Lab | 1 |
| 21 | AINT-2107 | Introduction to Artificial Intelligence (AI) | 2 |
| 22 | AINT-2207 | Introduction to Artificial Intelligence (AI)-Lab | 1 |
Internship and Project
| Sr. No | Course Code | Course Title | Credit Hours |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | BIOI-3411 | Internship | 3 |
| 2 | BIOI-3311 | Capstone Project | 3 |
| Total | 6 | ||
List of Major/Core Courses
| Sr. No | Course Code | Course Title | Credit Hours |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | BIOL-1151 | Basic Biology | 2 |
| 2 | BIOL-1251 | Basic Biology-Lab | 1 |
| 3 | BIOI-1103 | Programming Fundamentals for Bioinformatics | 2 |
| 4 | BIOI-1203 | Programming Fundamentals for Bioinformatics-Lab | 1 |
| 5 | BIOI-2102 | Introduction to Bioinformatics | 2 |
| 6 | BIOI-2202 | Introduction to Bioinformatics-Lab | 1 |
| 7 | BOCH-1102 | Cell Biology | 2 |
| 8 | BOCH-1202 | Cell Biology-Lab | 1 |
| 9 | BOCH-1106 | Introductory Biochemistry | 2 |
| 10 | BOCH-1206 | Introductory Biochemistry-Lab | 1 |
| 11 | BIOL-2102 | Genetics | 3 |
| 12 | COSC-1102 | Object Oriented Programming | 2 |
| 13 | COSC-1202 | Object Oriented Programming-Lab | 1 |
| 14 | COSC-2101 | Data Structures & Algorithms | 3 |
| 15 | COSC-2201 | Data Structures & Algorithms-Lab | 1 |
| 16 | COSC-2102 | Database System | 3 |
| 17 | COSC-2203 | Database System-Lab | 1 |
| 18 | BIOT-2153 | Introduction to Molecular Biology | 3 |
| 19 | BIOI-3109 | Epigenomics | 2 |
| 20 | BIOI-3209 | Epigenomics-Lab | 1 |
| 21 | BIOI-3104 | Proteomics | 3 |
| 22 | BIOI-3111 | Introductory Data Science | 2 |
| 23 | BIOI-3211 | Introductory Data Science-Lab | 1 |
| 24 | BIOI-4101 | Bioinformatics Software Engineering | 3 |
| 25 | BIOI-4201 | Bioinformatics Software Engineering-Lab | 1 |
| 26 | BIOI-4103 | Ethical and Legal Issues in Bioinformatics | 2 |
| 27 | BIOI-4102 | Functional and Structural Bioinformatics | 3 |
| 28 | BIOI-3115 | High-Throughput Sequence Data Analysis | 2 |
| 29 | BIOI-3116 | Microbiome & Metagenomics | 2 |
| 30 | BIOI-3117 | Computer-Aided Drug Design | 2 |
| 31 | BIOI-3118 | Cancer Bioinformatics | 3 |
| 32 | BIOI-3215 | High-Throughput Sequence Data Analysis-Lab | 1 |
| 33 | BIOI-3216 | Microbiome & Metagenomics-Lab | 2 |
| 34 | BIOI-3217 | Computer-Aided Drug Design-Lab | 2 |
| 35 | BIOI-4108 | Artificial Intelligence in Bioinformatics | 2 |
| 36 | BIOI-4111 | Research Methodology | 2 |
| 37 | BIOI-4109 | Clinical Bioinformatics | 2 |
| 38 | BIOI-3103 | Genomics | 3 |
| 39 | BIOI-4112 | R Programming for Bioinformatics | 3 |
| 40 | BIOI-4208 | Artificial Intelligence in Bioinformatics-Lab | 1 |
| 41 | BIOI-4211 | Research Methodology-Lab | 1 |
| 42 | BIOI-4209 | Clinical Bioinformatics-Lab | 1 |
| 43 | BIOI-4111 | Phylogenetics | 3 |
| 44 | BIOI-4113 | Big Data in Bioinformatics | 3 |
| Total | 85 | ||
List of Elective Courses
| Sr. No | Course Code | Course Title | Credit Hours |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | BIOI-3118 | Cancer Bioinformatics | 3 |
| 2 | BIOI-4102 | Structural and Functional Bioinformatics | 3 |
| 3 | BIOI-3103 | Genomics | 3 |
| 4 | BIOI-4115 | Single Cell RNA Sequencing | 3 |
| 5 | BIOI-4116 | Pharmacogenomics | 3 |
| 6 | BIOI-3107 | Systems Biology | 3 |
| 7 | BIOI-4117 | Nano-informatics | 3 |
| 8 | BIOI-4112 | R Programming for Bioinformatics | 3 |
| 9 | BIOI-4113 | Big Data in Bioinformatics | 3 |
| 10 | BIOI-4120 | Cloud Computing for Biology | 3 |
| 11 | BIOI-4121 | Transcriptomics | 3 |
| 12 | BIOI-4122 | Climate & Agricultural Bioinformatics | 3 |
| 13 | BIOI-4123 | Synthetic Biology | 3 |
| 14 | BIOI-4124 | Metabolomics | 3 |
| 15 | BIOI-4111 | Phylogenetics | 3 |
| 16 | BIOI-4125 | Immunoinformatics | 3 |
| 17 | BIOI-4126 | Enzyme Kinetics | 3 |
| 18 | BIOI-4127 | Protein Chemistry | 3 |
| 19 | BIOI-4128 | Molecular Oncology | 3 |
| 20 | BIOI-4129 | Forensic Sciences | 3 |
| 21 | BIOT-2101 | Introduction to Biotechnology | 3 |
| 22 | BIOI-2108 | Biostatistics | 3 |
| 23 | BIOI-3106 | Graphics and Visualization | 3 |
| 24 | COSC-3108 | Image Processing | 3 |
| Total | 72 | ||
BS Biochemistry
BS Biochemistry: Scheme of Studies (Fall 2026 onwards)
First Semester
| Sr. No | Course Code | Course Title | Theory | Lab | Domain |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ENGL-1118 | Functional English | 3 | 0 | General Education |
| 2 | MATH-1106 | Quantitative Reasoning-I | 3 | 0 | General Education |
| 3 | PHYS-1135 | Natural Sciences | 3 | 0 | General Education |
| 4 | COSC-1105 | Introduction to ICT | 2 | 0 | General Education |
| 5 | COSC-1205 | Introduction to ICT-Lab | 0 | 1 | General Education |
| 6 | CHEM-1152 | Inorganic Chemistry | 2 | 0 | Interdisciplinary |
| 7 | CHEM-1252 | Inorganic Chemistry-Lab | 0 | 1 | Interdisciplinary |
| 8 | BOCH-1106 | Introductory Biochemistry | 2 | 0 | Major |
| 9 | BOCH-1206 | Introductory Biochemistry-Lab | 0 | 1 | Major |
| Total | 18 | ||||
Second Semester
| Sr. No | Course Code | Course Title | Theory | Lab | Domain |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ENGL-2114 | Expository Writing | 3 | 0 | General Education |
| 2 | QURN-1223/ETHI-1223 | Understanding of Quran-I/Ethics-I (for non-Muslims) | 0 | 1 | General Education |
| 3 | MATH-1107 | Quantitative Reasoning-II | 3 | 0 | General Education |
| 4 | SSCI-1115 | Social Sciences | 2 | 0 | General Education |
| 5 | CHEM-1163 | Organic Chemistry | 2 | 0 | Interdisciplinary |
| 6 | CHEM-1263 | Organic Chemistry-Lab | 0 | 1 | Interdisciplinary |
| 7 | MICB-1103 | Introduction to Microbiology | 2 | 0 | Interdisciplinary |
| 8 | MICB-1203 | Introduction to Microbiology-Lab | 0 | 1 | Interdisciplinary |
| 9 | BOCH-1102 | Cell Biology | 2 | 0 | Major |
| 10 | BOCH-1202 | Cell Biology-Lab | 0 | 1 | Major |
| Total | 18 | ||||
Third Semester
| Sr. No | Course Code | Course Title | Theory | Lab | Domain |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | PAKS-1113 | Pakistan Studies | 2 | 0 | General Education |
| 2 | QURN-1224/ETHI-1224 | Understanding of Quran-II/Ethics-II (for non-Muslims) | 0 | 1 | General Education |
| 3 | ISLS-1128/ETHI-1114 | Islamic Studies/Ethics (for non-Muslims) | 2 | 0 | General Education |
| 4 | HUSS-1108 | Arts & Humanities | 2 | 0 | General Education |
| 5 | BOCH-1103 | Carbohydrates & Lipids | 2 | 0 | Major |
| 6 | BOCH-1203 | Carbohydrates & Lipids-Lab | 0 | 1 | Major |
| 7 | BOCH-3109 | Nutritional Biochemistry | 2 | 0 | Major |
| 8 | BOCH-3209 | Nutritional Biochemistry-Lab | 0 | 1 | Major |
| 9 | AINT-2107 | Introduction to Artificial Intelligence (AI) | 2 | 0 | Interdisciplinary |
| 10 | AINT-2207 | Introduction to Artificial Intelligence (AI)-Lab | 0 | 1 | Interdisciplinary |
| Total | 16 | ||||
Fourth Semester
| Sr. No | Course Code | Course Title | Theory | Lab | Domain |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | SSCI-2131 | Civics and Community Engagement | 2 | 0 | General Education |
| 2 | PAKS-1121 | Ideology and Constitution of Pakistan | 2 | 0 | General Education |
| 3 | ISLS-1140 | Seerat of the Holy Prophet Muhammad (SAW) | 0 | 0 | General Education |
| 4 | BIOL-2102 | Genetics | 3 | 0 | Interdisciplinary |
| 5 | CHEM-2172 | Physical Chemistry | 2 | 0 | Interdisciplinary |
| 6 | CHEM-2272 | Physical Chemistry-Lab | 0 | 1 | Interdisciplinary |
| 7 | MSCI-2113 | Introduction to Entrepreneurship | 2 | 0 | General Education |
| 8 | BOCH-2101 | Human Physiology | 2 | 0 | Major |
| 9 | BOCH-2201 | Human Physiology-Lab | 0 | 1 | Major |
| 10 | BIOT-2153 | Introduction to Molecular Biology | 3 | 0 | Major |
| Total | 18 | ||||
Fifth Semester
| Sr. No | Course Code | Course Title | Theory | Lab | Domain |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | BIOT-1101 | Introduction to Biotechnology | 2 | 0 | Interdisciplinary |
| 2 | BIOT-1201 | Introduction to Biotechnology-Lab | 0 | 1 | Interdisciplinary |
| 3 | BIOL-2101 | Biosafety & Ethics | 2 | 0 | Major |
| 4 | BOCH-3115 | Plant Biochemistry | 2 | 0 | Major |
| 5 | BOCH-3215 | Plant Biochemistry-Lab | 0 | 1 | Major |
| 6 | BOCH-2102 | Proteins & Nucleic Acids | 2 | 0 | Major |
| 7 | BOCH-2202 | Proteins & Nucleic Acids-Lab | 0 | 1 | Major |
| 8 | BOCH-3103 | Metabolism of Carbohydrates & Lipids | 3 | 0 | Major |
| 9 | BOCH-2105 | Enzymology | 2 | 0 | Major |
| 10 | BOCH-2205 | Enzymology-Lab | 0 | 1 | Major |
| Total | 17 | ||||
Sixth Semester
| Sr. No | Course Code | Course Title | Theory | Lab | Domain |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | BIOI-2108 | Biostatistics | 3 | 0 | Interdisciplinary |
| 2 | BOCH-2106 | Immunology | 3 | 0 | Major |
| 3 | BOCH-3102 | Metabolism of Proteins & Nucleic Acids | 3 | 0 | Major |
| 4 | BOCH-3110 | Environmental Biochemistry | 2 | 0 | Major |
| 5 | BOCH-3210 | Environmental Biochemistry-Lab | 0 | 1 | Major |
| 6 | BOCH-2140 | Biochemical Analysis | 3 | 0 | Major |
| 7 | BIOL-4117 | Research Projects and Scientific Writing | 3 | 0 | Major |
| Total | 18 | ||||
Seventh Semester
| Sr. No | Course Code | Course Title | Theory | Lab | Domain |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | BOCH-3113 | Clinical Biochemistry | 2 | 0 | Major |
| 2 | BOCH-3213 | Clinical Biochemistry-Lab | 0 | 1 | Major |
| 3 | BIOI-3121 | Computational Biology | 2 | 0 | Major |
| 4 | BIOI-3221 | Computational Biology-Lab | 0 | 1 | Major |
| 5 | BOCH-3117 | Analytical Techniques in Biochemistry | 1 | 0 | Major |
| 6 | BOCH-3217 | Analytical Techniques in Biochemistry-Lab | 0 | 2 | Major |
| 7 | BOCH-4124 | Cancer Biology | 3 | 0 | Major |
| 8 | BOCH-XXXX | Elective-I | 3 | 0 | Major |
| 9 | BOCH-3411 | Internship | 3 | 0 | Major |
| Total | 18 | ||||
Eighth Semester
| Sr. No | Course Code | Course Title | Theory | Lab | Domain |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | BOCH-3112 | Industrial Biochemistry | 2 | 0 | Major |
| 2 | BOCH-3212 | Industrial Biochemistry-Lab | 0 | 1 | Major |
| 3 | BOCH-4118 | Bio-membranes & Cell Signaling | 3 | 0 | Major |
| 4 | BOCH-4102 | Genomics, Transcriptomics & Proteomics | 3 | 0 | Major |
| 5 | BOCH-3311 | Capstone Project | 3 | 0 | Capstone |
| 6 | BOCH-XXXX | Elective-II | 3 | 0 | Major |
| Total | 15 | ||||
Total Credit Hours: 138
List of General Education Courses
| Sr. No | Course Code | Course Title | Credit Hours |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ENGL-1118 | Functional English | 3 |
| 2 | MATH-1106 | Quantitative Reasoning-I | 3 |
| 3 | QURN-1223/ETHI-1223 | Understanding of Quran-I/Ethics-I (for non-Muslims) | 1 |
| 4 | QURN-1224/ETHI-1224 | Understanding of Quran-II/Ethics-II (for non-Muslims) | 1 |
| 5 | COSC-1105 | Introduction to ICT | 2 |
| 6 | COSC-1205 | Introduction to ICT-Lab | 1 |
| 7 | PHYS-1135 | Natural Sciences | 3 |
| 8 | ENGL-2114 | Expository Writing | 3 |
| 9 | SSCI-1115 | Social Sciences | 2 |
| 10 | MATH-1107 | Quantitative Reasoning-II | 3 |
| 11 | PAKS-1113 | Pakistan Studies | 2 |
| 12 | ISLS-1128/ETHI-1114 | Islamic Studies/Ethics (for non-Muslims) | 2 |
| 13 | MSCI-2113 | Introduction to Entrepreneurship | 2 |
| 14 | PAKS-1121 | Ideology and Constitution of Pakistan | 2 |
| 15 | SSCI-2131 | Civics and Community Engagement | 2 |
| 16 | HUSS-1108 | Arts & Humanities | 2 |
| 17 | ISLS-1140 | Seerat of the Holy Prophet Muhammad (SAW) | 0 |
| Total | 34 | ||
List of Interdisciplinary Courses
| Sr. No | Course Code | Course Title | Credit Hours |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | CHEM-1152 | Inorganic Chemistry | 2 |
| 2 | CHEM-1252 | Inorganic Chemistry-Lab | 1 |
| 3 | CHEM-1163 | Organic Chemistry | 2 |
| 4 | CHEM-1263 | Organic Chemistry-Lab | 1 |
| 5 | MICB-1103 | Introduction to Microbiology | 2 |
| 6 | MICB-1203 | Introduction to Microbiology-Lab | 1 |
| 7 | BIOL-2102 | Genetics | 3 |
| 8 | CHEM-2172 | Physical Chemistry | 2 |
| 9 | CHEM-2272 | Physical Chemistry-Lab | 1 |
| 10 | BIOT-1101 | Introduction to Biotechnology | 2 |
| 11 | BIOT-1201 | Introduction to Biotechnology-Lab | 1 |
| 12 | BIOI-2108 | Biostatistics | 3 |
| 13 | AINT-2107 | Introduction to Artificial Intelligence (AI) | 2 |
| 14 | AINT-2207 | Introduction to Artificial Intelligence (AI)-Lab | 1 |
| Total | 24 | ||
Internship and Project
| Sr. No | Course Code | Course Title | Credit Hours |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | BOCH-3411 | Internship | 3 |
| 2 | BOCH-3311 | Capstone Project | 3 |
| Total | 6 | ||
List of Major Courses
| Sr. No | Course Code | Course Title | Credit Hours |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | BOCH-1106 | Introductory Biochemistry | 2 |
| 2 | BOCH-1206 | Introductory Biochemistry-Lab | 1 |
| 3 | BOCH-1102 | Cell Biology | 2 |
| 4 | BOCH-1202 | Cell Biology-Lab | 1 |
| 5 | BOCH-1103 | Carbohydrates & Lipids | 2 |
| 6 | BOCH-1203 | Carbohydrates & Lipids-Lab | 1 |
| 7 | BOCH-2101 | Human Physiology | 2 |
| 8 | BOCH-2201 | Human Physiology-Lab | 1 |
| 9 | BOCH-2102 | Proteins & Nucleic Acids | 2 |
| 10 | BOCH-2202 | Proteins & Nucleic Acids-Lab | 1 |
| 11 | BIOT-2153 | Introduction to Molecular Biology | 3 |
| 12 | BOCH-3109 | Nutritional Biochemistry | 2 |
| 13 | BOCH-3209 | Nutritional Biochemistry-Lab | 1 |
| 14 | BOCH-3115 | Plant Biochemistry | 2 |
| 15 | BOCH-3215 | Plant Biochemistry-Lab | 1 |
| 16 | BOCH-2106 | Immunology | 3 |
| 17 | BOCH-3103 | Metabolism of Carbohydrates & Lipids | 3 |
| 18 | BOCH-2105 | Enzymology | 2 |
| 19 | BOCH-2205 | Enzymology-Lab | 1 |
| 20 | BOCH-3102 | Metabolism of Proteins & Nucleic Acids | 3 |
| 21 | BOCH-4124 | Cancer Biology | 3 |
| 22 | BOCH-3110 | Environmental Biochemistry | 2 |
| 23 | BOCH-3210 | Environmental Biochemistry-Lab | 1 |
| 24 | BOCH-3113 | Clinical Biochemistry | 2 |
| 25 | BOCH-3213 | Clinical Biochemistry-Lab | 1 |
| 26 | BIOL-2101 | Biosafety & Ethics | 2 |
| 27 | BOCH-4101 | Computational Biology | 2 |
| 28 | BOCH-4201 | Computational Biology-Lab | 1 |
| 29 | BOCH-3117 | Analytical Techniques in Biochemistry | 1 |
| 30 | BOCH-3217 | Analytical Techniques in Biochemistry-Lab | 2 |
| 31 | BIOL-4117 | Research Projects and Scientific Writing | 3 |
| 32 | BOCH-3112 | Industrial Biochemistry | 2 |
| 33 | BOCH-3212 | Industrial Biochemistry-Lab | 1 |
| 34 | BOCH-4102 | Genomics, Transcriptomics & Proteomics | 3 |
| 35 | BOCH-2140 | Biochemical Analysis | 3 |
| 36 | BOCH-4118 | Bio-membranes & Cell Signaling | 3 |
| 37 | BOCH-XXXX | Elective-I | 3 |
| 38 | BOCH-XXXX | Elective-II | 3 |
| Total | 74 | ||
List of Elective Courses
| Sr. No | Course Code | Course Title | Credit Hours |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | BOCH-4127 | Structural Biology | 3 |
| 2 | BIOT-4116 | Fermentation Biotechnology | 3 |
| 3 | BOCH-3111 | Bioenergetics | 3 |
| 4 | BOCH-3101 | Enzyme Kinetics | 3 |
| 5 | BOCH-3106 | Biochemistry of Vitamins | 3 |
| 6 | BIOT-4109 | Nano Biotechnology | 3 |
| 7 | BIOT-4114 | Cell and Tissue Culture | 3 |
| 8 | BOCH-4125 | General Virology | 3 |
| 9 | BIOT-4108 | Animal Biotechnology | 3 |
| 10 | BIOT-4111 | Pharmaceutical Biotechnology | 3 |
| 11 | BIOT-4112 | Biosensors | 3 |
| 12 | FDST-2107 | Food Chemistry | 3 |
| 13 | BOCH-4103 | Forensic Chemistry | 3 |
| 14 | BOCH-4104 | Chemical Pathology | 3 |
| 15 | BOCH-4128 | Toxicology | 3 |
| Total | 45 | ||
BS Microbiology
BS Microbiology: Scheme of Studies (Fall 2026 onwards)
Structure of BS Microbiology Program
| Minimum Credit Hours | 138 |
| General Education | 34 credit hours (17 courses) |
| Discipline Related Courses/Major | 74 credit hours (25 courses) |
| Interdisciplinary/Allied Courses | 24 credit hours (8 courses) |
| Internship | 3 credit hours |
| Capstone Project | 3 credit hours |
| Program Duration | Maximum: 6 years (12 regular semesters). The maximum limit is further extendable to another year in accordance with HEC semester rules. |
| Credit Hours (Theory) | 3 classes (1 hour each) OR 2 classes (1.5 hours each) OR 1 class (3 hours) per week throughout the semester. |
Semester-wise Scheme of Studies
First Semester
| Sr. No | Course Code | Course Title | Theory | Lab | Domain |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ENGL-1118 | Functional English | 3 | 0 | General Education |
| 2 | HUSS-1108 | Arts and Humanities | 2 | 0 | General Education |
| 3 | PAKS-1121 | Ideology and Constitution of Pakistan | 2 | 0 | General Education |
| 4 | SSCI-1115 | Social Sciences | 2 | 0 | General Education |
| 5 | SSCI-2131 | Civics and Community Engagement | 2 | 0 | General Education |
| 6 | QURN-1223/ETHI-1223 | Understanding of Holy Quran-I/Ethics-I (for non-Muslims) | 0 | 1 | General Education |
| 7 | BOCH-1102 | Cell Biology | 2 | 0 | Core Course |
| 8 | BOCH-1202 | Cell Biology-Lab | 0 | 1 | Core Course |
| 9 | MICB-1103 | Introduction to Microbiology | 2 | 0 | Core Course |
| 10 | MICB-1203 | Introduction to Microbiology-Lab | 0 | 1 | Core Course |
| Total | 18 | ||||
Second Semester
| Sr. No | Course Code | Course Title | Theory | Lab | Domain |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ENGL-2114 | Expository Writing | 3 | 0 | General Education |
| 2 | MATH-1106 | Quantitative Reasoning-I | 3 | 0 | General Education |
| 3 | COSC-1105 | Introduction to ICT | 2 | 0 | General Education |
| 4 | COSC-1205 | Introduction to ICT-Lab | 0 | 1 | General Education |
| 5 | PHYS-1135 | Natural Sciences | 3 | 0 | General Education |
| 6 | BOCH-1106 | Introductory Biochemistry | 2 | 0 | Interdisciplinary |
| 7 | BOCH-1206 | Introductory Biochemistry-Lab | 0 | 1 | Interdisciplinary |
| 8 | MICB-1105 | Microbial Diversity & Systematics | 2 | 0 | Core Course |
| 9 | MICB-1205 | Microbial Diversity & Systematics-Lab | 0 | 1 | Core Course |
| Total | 18 | ||||
Third Semester
| Sr. No | Course Code | Course Title | Theory | Lab | Domain |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | MATH-1107 | Quantitative Reasoning-II | 3 | 0 | General Education |
| 2 | MSCI-2113 | Introduction to Entrepreneurship | 2 | 0 | General Education |
| 3 | QURN-1224/ETHI-1224 | Understanding of Holy Quran-II/Ethics-II (for non-Muslims) | 0 | 1 | General Education |
| 4 | MICB-2105 | Microbial Physiology & Metabolism | 2 | 0 | Core Course |
| 5 | MICB-2205 | Microbial Physiology & Metabolism-Lab | 0 | 1 | Core Course |
| 6 | BIOT-4115 | Virology | 3 | 0 | Core Course |
| 7 | MICB-2104 | Mycology | 2 | 0 | Core Course |
| 8 | MICB-2204 | Mycology-Lab | 0 | 1 | Core Course |
| 9 | BIOI-2108 | Biostatistics | 3 | 0 | Interdisciplinary |
| Total | 18 | ||||
Fourth Semester
| Sr. No | Course Code | Course Title | Theory | Lab | Domain |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ISLS-1128/ETHI-1114 | Islamic Studies/Ethics (for non-Muslims) | 2 | 0 | General Education |
| 2 | PAKS-1113 | Pakistan Studies | 2 | 0 | General Education |
| 3 | ISLS-1140 | Seerat of Holy Prophet Muhammad (SAW) | 0 | 0 | General Education |
| 4 | AINT-2107 | Introduction to Artificial Intelligence (AI) | 2 | 0 | Interdisciplinary |
| 5 | AINT-2207 | Introduction to Artificial Intelligence (AI)-Lab | 0 | 1 | Interdisciplinary |
| 6 | MICB-3120 | Immunology | 2 | 0 | Core Course |
| 7 | MICB-3220 | Immunology-Lab | 0 | 1 | Core Course |
| 8 | MICB-2106 | Medical Microbiology | 2 | 0 | Core Course |
| 9 | MICB-2206 | Medical Microbiology-Lab | 0 | 1 | Core Course |
| 10 | BIOL-2102 | Genetics | 3 | 0 | Core Course |
| Total | 16 | ||||
Fifth Semester
| Sr. No | Course Code | Course Title | Theory | Lab | Domain |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | MICB-3123 | Soil & Agricultural Microbiology | 2 | 0 | Core Course |
| 2 | MICB-3223 | Soil & Agricultural Microbiology-Lab | 0 | 1 | Core Course |
| 3 | MICB-4103 | Industrial Microbiology | 2 | 0 | Core Course |
| 4 | MICB-4203 | Industrial Microbiology-Lab | 0 | 1 | Core Course |
| 5 | MICB-3125 | Environmental Microbiology | 3 | 0 | Core Course |
| 6 | MICB-3108 | Food Microbiology | 2 | 0 | Core Course |
| 7 | MICB-3208 | Food Microbiology-Lab | 0 | 1 | Core Course |
| 8 | BIOT-2153 | Introduction to Molecular Biology | 3 | 0 | Core Course |
| 9 | BIOI-2101 | Introduction to Bioinformatics | 2 | 0 | Interdisciplinary |
| 10 | BIOI-2201 | Introduction to Bioinformatics-Lab | 0 | 1 | Interdisciplinary |
| Total | 18 | ||||
Sixth Semester
| Sr. No | Course Code | Course Title | Theory | Lab | Domain |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | MICB-2108 | Clinical & Diagnostic Microbiology | 2 | 0 | Core Course |
| 2 | MICB-2208 | Clinical & Diagnostic Microbiology-Lab | 0 | 1 | Core Course |
| 3 | MICB-3122 | Aquatic Microbiology | 2 | 0 | Core Course |
| 4 | MICB-3222 | Aquatic Microbiology-Lab | 0 | 1 | Core Course |
| 5 | MICB-3126 | Pharmaceutical Microbiology | 3 | 0 | Core Course |
| 6 | MICB-4111 | Epidemiology & Public Health | 3 | 0 | Interdisciplinary |
| 7 | BIOL-4117 | Research Projects and Scientific Writing | 3 | 0 | Interdisciplinary |
| 8 | BTNY-3125 | Sustainable Development Goals | 3 | 0 | Interdisciplinary |
| Total | 18 | ||||
Seventh Semester
| Sr. No | Course Code | Course Title | Theory | Lab | Domain |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | MICB-4123 | Antimicrobial Agents & Resistance | 2 | 0 | Core Course |
| 2 | MICB-4223 | Antimicrobial Agents & Resistance-Lab | 0 | 1 | Core Course |
| 3 | BIOT-4109 | Nano Biotechnology | 3 | 0 | Core Course |
| 4 | MICB-4125 | Microbial Biotechnology | 2 | 0 | Core Course |
| 5 | MICB-4225 | Microbial Biotechnology-Lab | 0 | 1 | Core Course |
| 6 | BIOL-2101 | Biosafety & Ethics | 2 | 0 | Core Course |
| 7 | MICB-3121 | Microbial Genetics | 2 | 0 | Core Course |
| 8 | MICB-3221 | Microbial Genetics-Lab | 0 | 1 | Core Course |
| 9 | MICB-3411 | Internship | 3 | 0 | Internship |
| Total | 17 | ||||
Eighth Semester
| Sr. No | Course Code | Course Title | Theory | Lab | Domain |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | MICB-4126 | Veterinary Microbiology | 2 | 0 | Core Course |
| 2 | MICB-4226 | Veterinary Microbiology-Lab | 0 | 1 | Core Course |
| 3 | MICB-4127 | Vaccinology | 2 | 0 | Core Course |
| 4 | MICB-4227 | Vaccinology-Lab | 0 | 1 | Core Course |
| 5 | BIOT-4114 | Cell & Tissue Culture Technology | 3 | 0 | Core Course |
| 6 | BIOI-3101 | Recombinant DNA Technology | 2 | 0 | Interdisciplinary |
| 7 | BIOI-3201 | Recombinant DNA Technology-Lab | 0 | 1 | Interdisciplinary |
| 8 | MICB-3311 | Capstone Project | 3 | 0 | Capstone |
| Total | 15 | ||||
Total Credit Hours: 138
List of General Education Courses
| Sr. No | Course Code | Course Title | Credit Hours |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | HUSS-1108 | Arts and Humanities | 2 |
| 2 | PHYS-1135 | Natural Sciences | 3 |
| 3 | SSCI-1115 | Social Sciences | 2 |
| 4 | ENGL-1118 | Functional English | 3 |
| 5 | ENGL-2114 | Expository Writing | 3 |
| 6 | MATH-1106 | Quantitative Reasoning-I | 3 |
| 7 | MATH-1107 | Quantitative Reasoning-II | 3 |
| 8 | ISLS-1112/ETHI-1114 | Islamic Studies/Ethics (for non-Muslims) | 2 |
| 9 | PAKS-1121 | Ideology and Constitution of Pakistan | 2 |
| 10 | COSC-1105 | Introduction to ICT | 2 |
| 11 | COSC-1205 | Introduction to ICT-Lab | 1 |
| 12 | MSCI-2113 | Introduction to Entrepreneurship | 2 |
| 13 | SSCI-2131 | Civics and Community Engagement | 2 |
| 14 | PAKS-1113 | Pakistan Studies | 2 |
| 15 | QURN-1223/ETHI-1223 | Understanding of Holy Quran-I/Ethics-I (for non-Muslims) | 1 |
| 16 | QURN-1224/ETHI-1224 | Understanding of Holy Quran-II/Ethics-II (for non-Muslims) | 1 |
| 17 | ISLS-1140 | Seerat of Holy Prophet (SAW) | 0 |
| Total | 34 | ||
List of Interdisciplinary Courses
| Sr. No | Course Code | Course Title | Credit Hours |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | BOCH-1106 | Introductory Biochemistry | 2 |
| 2 | BOCH-1206 | Introductory Biochemistry-Lab | 1 |
| 3 | BIOI-2101 | Introduction to Bioinformatics | 2 |
| 4 | BIOI-2201 | Introduction to Bioinformatics-Lab | 1 |
| 5 | BIOL-4117 | Research Project and Scientific Writing | 3 |
| 6 | BIOI-3101 | Recombinant DNA Technology | 2 |
| 7 | BIOI-3201 | Recombinant DNA Technology-Lab | 1 |
| 8 | MICB-4111 | Epidemiology & Public Health | 3 |
| 9 | BIOI-2108 | Biostatistics | 3 |
| 10 | BTNY-3125 | Sustainable Development Goals | 3 |
| 11 | AINT-2107 | Introduction to Artificial Intelligence (AI) | 2 |
| 12 | AINT-2207 | Introduction to Artificial Intelligence (AI)-Lab | 1 |
| Total | 24 | ||
Internship and Project
| Sr. No | Course Code | Course Title | Credit Hours |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | MICB-3411 | Internship | 3 |
| 2 | MICB-3311 | Capstone Project | 3 |
| Total | 6 | ||
List of Core Courses
| Sr. No | Course Code | Course Title | Credit Hours |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | MICB-1103 | Introduction to Microbiology | 2 |
| 2 | MICB-1203 | Introduction to Microbiology-Lab | 1 |
| 3 | MICB-1105 | Microbial Diversity & Systematics | 2 |
| 4 | MICB-1205 | Microbial Diversity & Systematics-Lab | 1 |
| 5 | BIOL-2101 | Biosafety & Ethics | 2 |
| 6 | MICB-3121 | Microbial Genetics | 2 |
| 7 | MICB-3221 | Microbial Genetics-Lab | 1 |
| 8 | MICB-2106 | Medical Microbiology | 2 |
| 9 | MICB-2206 | Medical Microbiology-Lab | 1 |
| 10 | MICB-2104 | Mycology | 2 |
| 11 | MICB-2204 | Mycology-Lab | 1 |
| 12 | MICB-3120 | Immunology | 2 |
| 13 | MICB-3220 | Immunology-Lab | 1 |
| 14 | BIOT-4115 | Virology | 3 |
| 15 | MICB-2105 | Microbial Physiology & Metabolism | 2 |
| 16 | MICB-2205 | Microbial Physiology & Metabolism-Lab | 1 |
| 17 | MICB-4123 | Antimicrobial Agents & Resistance | 2 |
| 18 | MICB-4223 | Antimicrobial Agents & Resistance-Lab | 1 |
| 19 | BOCH-1102 | Cell Biology | 2 |
| 20 | BOCH-1202 | Cell Biology-Lab | 1 |
| 21 | MICB-3122 | Aquatic Microbiology | 2 |
| 22 | MICB-3222 | Aquatic Microbiology-Lab | 1 |
| 23 | MICB-3108 | Food Microbiology | 2 |
| 24 | MICB-3208 | Food Microbiology-Lab | 1 |
| 25 | MICB-3123 | Soil & Agricultural Microbiology | 2 |
| 26 | MICB-3223 | Soil & Agricultural Microbiology-Lab | 1 |
| 27 | MICB-4103 | Industrial Microbiology | 2 |
| 28 | MICB-4203 | Industrial Microbiology-Lab | 1 |
| 29 | MICB-2108 | Clinical & Diagnostic Microbiology | 2 |
| 30 | MICB-2208 | Clinical & Diagnostic Microbiology-Lab | 1 |
| 31 | MICB-4127 | Vaccinology | 2 |
| 32 | MICB-4227 | Vaccinology-Lab | 1 |
| 33 | MICB-4125 | Microbial Biotechnology | 2 |
| 34 | MICB-4225 | Microbial Biotechnology-Lab | 1 |
| 35 | MICB-3125 | Environmental Microbiology | 3 |
| 36 | BIOT-2153 | Introduction to Molecular Biology | 3 |
| 37 | MICB-4126 | Veterinary Microbiology | 2 |
| 38 | MICB-4226 | Veterinary Microbiology-Lab | 1 |
| 39 | BIOT-4114 | Cell & Tissue Culture Technology | 3 |
| 40 | MICB-3126 | Pharmaceutical Microbiology | 3 |
| 41 | MICB-4109 | Nano Biotechnology | 3 |
| 42 | BIOL-2102 | Genetics | 3 |
| Total | 74 | ||
MS Biochemistry
MS Biochemistry: Scheme of Studies (Fall 2026 onwards)
Semester 1
| Sr. No | Course Code | Course Title | Credit Hours |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | QURN-5223 | Understanding of Quran-I | 1 |
| 2 | BIOT-6103 | Molecular Biology | 3 |
| 3 | BIOT-6102 | Regulation of Gene Expression | 3 |
| 4 | BIOT-6101 | Recombinant DNA Technology | 3 |
| 5 | BOCH-6105 | Advanced Biochemical Techniques | 3 |
| Total | 13 | ||
Semester 2
| Sr. No | Course Code | Course Title | Credit Hours |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | QURN-5224 | Understanding of Quran-II | 1 |
| 2 | BIOT-6111 | Signal Transduction | 3 |
| 3 | BOCH-6101 | Structural Bioinformatics | 3 |
| 4 | BOCH-6108 | Biochemistry of Metabolic Disorders | 3 |
| 5 | BOCH-6107 | Research Methodology in Biochemistry | 3 |
| Total | 13 | ||
Semester 3 & 4
| Sr. No | Course Code | Course Title | Credit Hours |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Thesis | Thesis | 6 |
| Total | 6 | ||
Total Credit Hours: 26 (coursework) + 6 (thesis) = 32
Course Outlines
Semester 1
BIOT-6102: Regulation of Gene Expression (3 Cr. Hr.)
The course outline starts with an introduction to gene structure and regulatory elements, transcription initiation in prokaryotes and the role of promoters, transcription initiation in eukaryotes from variable promoters, and the regulation of transcription initiation in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes. It further details post-transcription regulation at various levels, chromatin and nucleosome structure, histone modification, chromatin remodeling, epigenetic regulation, translation initiation in prokaryotes and eukaryotes, regulation of translation, post-translation regulation at different levels, and techniques used for gene expression studies.
BIOT-6101: Recombinant DNA Technology (3 Cr. Hr.)
The course outline emphasizes the importance and application of DNA recombinant technology in industrial, agricultural, biomedical, and environmental biotechnology with comprehensive theoretical know-how to generate macromolecules of desired characters for transgenesis. It covers different approaches to isolate nucleic acids, cleavage of DNA, genetic maps, restriction endonucleases, DNA modifying enzymes, cloning vectors and their various types, making new DNA molecules, gene libraries, and cDNA. Furthermore, it includes competency and different means of introducing DNA into prokaryotes and eukaryotes, expression vectors, expression of foreign genes in prokaryotes and eukaryotes, reporter genes, identification and screening of recombinant DNA molecules, and gene pollution reduction technology.
BOCH-6105: Advanced Biochemical Techniques (3 Cr. Hr.)
The course outline features Standard Operating Procedures (SOP) covering quality controls and quality assurance, and the validation of analytical methods including specificity, selectivity, linearity, accuracy, precision, quality controls, and reference standards. Protein isolation techniques encompass TLC, gel filtration, column chromatography, gas chromatography, affinity chromatography, ion exchange chromatography, hydrophobic interaction chromatography, HPLC, FPLC, LC-MS, GC-MS, and GC-FID. Gel electrophoresis techniques for DNA and protein characterization include PAGE, SDS-PAGE, 2D BN PAGE, immunoelectrophoresis, immunoblotting, radioimmunoassay, and ELISA, alongside UV/VIS, IR spectrometry, atomic absorption spectrophotometry, NMR, MRI, PCR, ultrafiltration, centrifugation, lyophilization, and electron microscopy techniques such as SEM, TEM, AFM, and the uses of isotopes in biochemistry. Practical components involve one-dimensional and two-dimensional electrophoresis, DNA isolation, basic PCR protocols, protein blotting, desalting, protein fractionation, molecular size determination, spectrophotometric and colorimetric estimation of protein concentration, mouse immunization, preparation of nuclear and cytoplasmic extracts from mammalian cells, staining techniques, chromosome staining, standard curve preparation, estimation of solutions, A280 protein estimation, fiber analysis, carbohydrate estimation for soluble and insoluble components, cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin, properties of peptides and proteins for HPLC development, and the detection and quantitation of radiolabeled proteins and DNA in gels and blots.
Semester 2
BIOT-6111: Signal Transduction (3 Cr. Hr.)
The course outline covers phyto-hormones and agrochemicals, the classification of hormones and growth regulators, biosynthetic pathways of plant hormones, methods of assaying plant hormones, and the physiological and biochemical functions of plant hormones. It also addresses the role of hormones in agriculture, horticulture, and tissue culture, phytohormones and stress phenomena, the mechanization of phytohormone action, and hormones and gene expression.
BOCH-6101: Structural Bioinformatics (3 Cr. Hr.)
The course outline explores concepts in structural bioinformatics, an overview of protein structure, computational aspects of macromolecular structure determination by X-ray crystallography and NMR spectroscopy, computer-aided molecular modeling and visualization, and databases including the Protein Data Bank, SCOP, and CATH. It includes protein structure quality assurance and validation, structure comparison and alignment, secondary structure assignment and prediction, tertiary structure prediction methods such as homology modeling, ab-initio prediction, and fold recognition, principles and methods of molecular docking and ligand design, structural bioinformatics in drug discovery, inferring protein function from structure, and using programming languages like Python to facilitate protein structural analysis. Practical work includes surveying protein structure databases, protein structure visualization and analysis, secondary structure prediction, homology modeling for tertiary structure prediction, and ligand docking.
BOCH-6108: Biochemistry of Metabolic Disorders (3 Cr. Hr.)
The course outline focuses on the introduction to metabolic disorders and inborn errors of metabolism, neonatal presentation involving problems with the synthesis and breakdown of complex molecules, intoxication, energy deficiency states, seizure disorders, glycogen storage diseases, lysosomal storage diseases or lipidosis, inborn errors of metabolism related to amino acids, nucleotide metabolism disorders like Lesch-Nyhan syndrome, diabetes mellitus, disorders leading to primary hypercholesterolemia, and the biochemical basis of Tangier's disease. Practicals involve blood gas analysis, blood glucose estimation, estimation of plasma ammonia, liver function tests, plasma and urinary amino acids and orotic acid, urinary ketones, urinary glycosaminoglycans, enzyme analysis including galactose-1-phosphate uridyl transferase, and lysosomal enzyme screening.
BOCH-6107: Research Methodology in Biochemistry (3 Cr. Hr.)
The course outline includes course introduction, introduction to scientific research, identifying a research gap, literature review, proposal writing, making the most of databases, primary data and survey designs, research ethics, plagiarism, reference management, research communication skills, and publishing research.
MS Biotechnology
MS Biotechnology: Scheme of Studies (Fall 2026 onwards)
First Semester
| Sr. No | Course Code | Course Title | Remarks | Credit Hours |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | BOCH-6103 | Advanced Molecular Biology * | Core | 3 |
| 2 | BIOT-7113 | Advanced Research Methods in Biotechnology * | Core | 3 |
| 3 | XXXX | Graduate Level Course | Elective | 3 |
| 4 | XXXX | Graduate Level Course | Elective | 3 |
| 5 | QURN-5123 | Understanding of Holy Quran-I | Core | 1 |
| 6 | AINT-5101 | Introduction to Artificial Intelligence | Core | 3 |
| Total Credit Hours | 16 | |||
Second Semester
| Sr. No | Course Code | Course Title | Remarks | Credit Hours |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | BIOT-7115 | Advances in Bioinformatics * | Core | 3 |
| 2 | BIOT-7116 | Trends in Biotechnology * | Core | 3 |
| 3 | XXXX | Graduate Level Course | Elective | 3 |
| 4 | XXXX | Graduate Level Course | Elective | 3 |
| 5 | QURN-5124 | Understanding of Holy Quran-II | Core | 1 |
| Total Credit Hours | 13 | |||
Semester-III & IV
| Sr. No | Course Code | Course Title | Remarks | Credit Hours |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | BIOT-6600 | Thesis | Mandatory | 6 |
| Total Credit Hours | 6 | |||
Total Credit Hours: 29 (coursework) + 6 (thesis) = 35
Note: Courses can be swapped according to the resources of the University.
List of Elective Courses
| Sr. No | Course Code | Course Title | Credit Hours |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | BIOT-6102 | Regulation of Gene Expression | 3 |
| 2 | BIOT-6110 | Metabolic Pathways in Plants | 3 |
| 3 | BIOT-6111 | Signal Transduction | 3 |
| 4 | BIOT-6112 | Molecular Basis of Plant Development | 3 |
| 5 | BIOT-6118 | Biotechnology Law & Regulations | 3 |
| 6 | BIOT-6120 | Bioprocess Technology | 3 |
| 7 | BIOT-6121 | Protein Engineering | 3 |
| 8 | BOCH-6121 | Plant Genomics | 3 |
| 9 | BOCH-6101 | Structural Bioinformatics | 3 |
| 10 | BIOT-7102 | Applied Biostatistics | 3 |
| 11 | BIOT-7107 | Molecular and Medical Genetics | 3 |
| 12 | BIOT-7106 | Bioremediation and Biodegradation | 3 |
| 13 | BIOT-7108 | Advanced Analytical Techniques | 3 |
| 14 | BIOT-7109 | Climate Smart Agricultural Technology | 3 |
| 15 | BIOT-7110 | Molecular Virology | 3 |
| 16 | BIOT-7111 | Synthetic Biology | 3 |
| 17 | BIOT-7112 | Advances in Agricultural Biotechnology | 3 |
| 18 | BIOT-7114 | Gene Editing and Genome Engineering | 3 |
Note: Courses can be swapped according to the resources of the University.
PhD Biochemistry
PhD Biochemistry: Scheme of Studies (Fall 2026 onwards)
Semester-I
| Sr. No | Course Code | Course Title | Remarks | Credit Hours |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | BOCH-XXXX | Graduate Level Biotechnology Course | Elective | 3 |
| 2 | QURN-7123 | Understanding of Quran-I | General Education | 1 |
| 3 | BOCH-XXXX | Graduate Level Biotechnology Course | Elective | 3 |
| 4 | BOCH-XXXX | Graduate Level Biotechnology Course | Elective | 3 |
| 5 | BOCH-XXXX | Graduate Level Biotechnology Course | Elective | 3 |
| Total Credit Hours | 13 | |||
Semester-II
| Sr. No | Course Code | Course Title | Remarks | Credit Hours |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | BOCH-XXXX | Graduate Level Biotechnology Course | Elective | 3 |
| 2 | QURN-7124 | Understanding of Quran-II | General Education | 1 |
| 3 | BOCH-XXXX | Graduate Level Biotechnology Course | Elective | 3 |
| 4 | BOCH-XXXX | Graduate Level Biotechnology Course | Elective | 3 |
| 5 | BOCH-XXXX | Graduate Level Biotechnology Course | Elective | 3 |
| Total Credit Hours | 13 | |||
Semester-III & onward
| Sr. No | Course Code | Course Title | Remarks | Credit Hours |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | BOCH-8600 | Thesis | Mandatory | 12 |
| Total Credit Hours | 12 | |||
Total Credit Hours: 26 (coursework) + 12 (thesis) = 38
Note: Courses can be swapped according to the resources of the University.
PhD Biotechnology
PhD Biotechnology: Scheme of Studies (Fall 2026 onwards)
Semester-I
| Sr. No | Course Code | Course Title | Remarks | Credit Hours |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | BIOT-XXXX | Graduate Level Biotechnology Course | Elective | 3 |
| 2 | BIOT-XXXX | Graduate Level Biotechnology Course | Elective | 3 |
| 3 | BIOT-XXXX | Graduate Level Biotechnology Course | Elective | 3 |
| 4 | QURN-7223 | Understanding of Holy Quran-I | Core | 1 |
| 5 | AINT-7101 | Introduction to Artificial Intelligence | Core | 3 |
| Total Credit Hours | 13 | |||
Semester-II
| Sr. No | Course Code | Course Title | Remarks | Credit Hours |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | BIOT-XXXX | Graduate Level Biotechnology Course | Elective | 3 |
| 2 | BIOT-XXXX | Graduate Level Biotechnology Course | Elective | 3 |
| 3 | BIOT-XXXX | Graduate Level Biotechnology Course | Elective | 3 |
| 4 | QURN-7224 | Understanding of Holy Quran-II | Core | 1 |
| Total Credit Hours | 10 | |||
Semester-III & onward
| Sr. No | Course Code | Course Title | Remarks | Credit Hours |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | BIOT-8600 | Thesis | Mandatory | 12 |
| Total Credit Hours | 12 | |||
Total Credit Hours: 23 (coursework) + 12 (thesis) = 35
Note: Courses can be swapped according to the resources of the University.
List of Elective Courses for PhD Biotechnology
| Sr. No | Course Code | Course Title | Credit Hours |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | BIOT-7101 | Methods in Molecular Biology | 3 |
| 2 | BIOT-7102 | Applied Biostatistics | 3 |
| 3 | BIOT-7103 | Bioinformatics | 3 |
| 4 | BIOT-7107 | Molecular and Medical Genetics | 3 |
| 5 | BIOT-7106 | Bioremediation and Biodegradation | 3 |
| 6 | BIOT-7108 | Advanced Analytical Techniques | 3 |
| 7 | BIOT-7109 | Climate Smart Agricultural Technology | 3 |
| 8 | BIOT-7110 | Molecular Virology | 3 |
| 9 | BIOT-7111 | Synthetic Biology | 3 |
| 10 | BIOT-7112 | Advances in Agricultural Biotechnology | 3 |
| 11 | BIOT-7114 | Gene Editing and Genome Engineering | 3 |
| 12 | BIOT-8101 | Biopharming in Plants: Principles and Techniques | 3 |
| 13 | BIOT-8102 | Study of Cell-I | 3 |
| 14 | BIOT-8103 | Biostatistics & Laboratory Mathematics | 3 |
| 15 | BIOT-8104 | Insect Molecular Biology and Viruses | 3 |
| 16 | BIOT-8105 | Protein Engineering | 3 |
| 17 | BIOT-8106 | Analytical and Mechanistic Enzymology | 3 |
| 18 | BIOT-8107 | Protein Chemistry and Enzymology | 3 |
| 19 | BIOT-8108 | Biophysics | 3 |
| 20 | BIOT-8109 | Immunology | 3 |
| 21 | BIOT-8110 | Microbial Enzyme Technology | 3 |
| 22 | BIOT-8111 | Advanced Proteomics | 3 |
| 23 | BIOT-8112 | Study of Cell-II | 3 |
Note: The courses from the above list can be taken depending upon the resources of the department.
